1. Overview of the development of automobile fluid pipeline industry: as an important automobile part, automobile fluid pipeline covers all systems of the whole vehicle, including engine parts and emission system, transmission system, braking system, steering system, three electric system, etc. through the transmission of different media, it plays the role of oil, gas, water supply, control and transmission of power, cooling, heating, etc., so as to ensure the smooth operation of all systems and platforms of the whole vehicle. From the perspective of materials, there are mainly rubber pipes, plastic pipes, silicone pipes, metal pipes, etc. among them, rubber pipes are the most important part of automotive fluid pipelines. The structures of rubber pipes for different purposes are different, but they can be roughly divided into three parts: inner layer, reinforcing layer and outer layer. From the perspective of product performance, under different working conditions such as temperature, pressure, climate, corrosion and vibration, the automotive fluid pipeline meets the performance of sealing, temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, friction resistance, aging resistance and fatigue resistance, so as to ensure the stable operation of the hose and the normal operation of the whole vehicle.

   
   

Turbocharging devices and other equipment used to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction, as well as measures such as using new materials to lighten the vehicle based on environmental protection considerations, all put forward higher requirements for the vehicle fluid pipeline. The characteristics of oil resistance, temperature resistance, low permeability, ultra long service life, lightweight and so on have become the mainstream of the development of the vehicle fluid pipeline.

(1) Overview of the global automotive fluid pipeline industry: countries with developed automotive industry, such as the United States, Europe and Japan, based on their mature markets, strong strength in material research and development and process manufacturing, combined with a long history of experience, are leading the development direction of the world's automotive industry in vehicle research and development and core components. In recent years, the automotive fluid pipeline industry in automotive developed countries has shown the following characteristics:

① Large scale, specialization and intensification: with the overall growth of global auto production and sales, due to the mutual promotion and common development of the auto parts industry and the auto industry, the production and marketing scale of auto fluid pipeline, one of the important parts, is also expanding, the degree of specialization is getting higher and higher, and there is a trend towards large-scale, specialization and intensification. For example, foreign well-known automobile rubber hose products enterprises such as Hutchinson in France, ContiTech in Germany and Sumitomo Technology Co., Ltd. all have multiple professional production bases, which can realize automatic, mechanized and professional production, and have large economic scale benefits.

② Strong R & D ability, continuous improvement of technology and process, and gradual optimization of procurement mode: with the continuous change of the automotive industry, based on energy conservation, environmental protection, lightweight, process design and other factors, automotive parts enterprises, including the automotive fluid pipeline industry, have put forward higher requirements. In terms of raw materials, process design, product structure and product testing, automotive fluid pipeline enterprises continue to improve their R & D ability, At the initial stage of research and development, it will connect with vehicle manufacturers to develop new products, and even arrange research and development in advance according to the development trend of the industry, so as to ensure its leading position in the field of fluid pipelines. In addition, due to the gradual change of the production mode of vehicle manufacturers, from the previous vertical integration production mode to the production mode based on vehicle design, the supply mode for vehicle fluid pipeline enterprises is also gradually developing towards globalization, integration, modularization and specialization.

(2) Overview of the development of China's automotive fluid pipeline industry:

① The automobile industry drives the rapid development of the fluid pipeline industry: in recent years, with the vigorous development of China's automobile industry, with a strong driving effect on upstream and downstream enterprises, China's fluid pipeline industry also shows a trend of rapid development. At the same time, with the establishment of the global economic integration division system and the transfer of the automobile manufacturing industry, China has become the world's largest automobile production and marketing market, which has further laid a solid market foundation for China's automobile fluid pipeline industry. In the future, the stable and healthy development of China's automobile industry will continue to promote the development of the automobile fluid pipeline industry.

② With the continuous improvement of technology and the gradual realization of import substitution: with the rapid improvement of China's equipment manufacturing capacity, the gap between China and the world's advanced automotive fluid pipeline manufacturing technology is becoming smaller and smaller. At the same time, due to the promotion of environmental protection trends such as automotive energy conservation and emission reduction, lightweight and the rapid change of vehicle models, based on China's huge consumer market and cost advantages, China's automotive parts have gradually realized import substitution.

③ Industry concentration has gradually increased: with the development of the automotive industry, vehicle manufacturers have increasingly stringent requirements on the synchronous development, testing, quality management, product delivery and other aspects of component suppliers. Smaller enterprises are difficult to meet and will be phased out by the market. At the same time, based on the supply mode of globalization, integration, modularization and specialization, the concentration of the automotive fluid pipeline industry will be further improved, providing development space for industry-leading enterprises, and the gap with international leading enterprises will be gradually narrowed in the future.

④ The research and development of core technology products need to be strengthened: with the continuous development of China's automotive industry, the demand for domestic automotive fluid pipelines has increased significantly. Although it has developed into a large country producing automotive fluid pipelines, its competitiveness is still weak compared with that of international leading enterprises. There is still a certain gap in the material formula, process technology, structural design and verification level of China's automotive fluid pipeline enterprises. Under the background of a series of national policies actively supporting industrial development, the automotive fluid pipeline industry is facing a good policy environment. Enterprises with independent innovation ability, professional production and modular supply ability in the automotive fluid pipeline field attach importance to independent research and innovation ability, and continue to increase research and development investment, which will have the opportunity to enjoy more policy dividends and further enhance the competitiveness of the industry.

2. Industry development trend:

(1) China has become the world's largest automobile production and marketing country, and there is still much room for development in the future: with the improvement of the technical level of China's automobile industry and the emergence of the automobile industry cluster effect, China is gradually becoming the world's automobile manufacturing center. Since 2009, China's automobile production and sales have surpassed the United States for the first time to become the world's first for 13 consecutive years. The proportion of automobile production in the world's automobile production has remained at 25% - 30% in recent years.

However, there is still a big gap between China's per capita car ownership and that of developed countries. According to the statistical data of the world bank, China's car ownership per thousand people in 2021 was 214, while the car ownership per thousand people of automobile powers such as the United States, Germany and Japan in the same period was more than 500. China's car market capacity still has great room for improvement, and the market prospect is broad.

(2) Energy conservation and emission reduction policies promote the growth of turbocharged vehicle sales: in recent years, due to the proposal of low-carbon economy and the call for energy conservation and emission reduction, China has continued to strengthen the control of air pollution and increasingly strict vehicle emission standards. Under the background of increasingly severe environmental protection and energy pressure, energy conservation and emission reduction and new energy vehicles have become the main theme of the development of the automotive industry, Promote the continuous technological innovation of the auto parts industry, including the auto fluid pipeline industry, and drive the sustainable and benign development of the industry.

In order to promote the transformation and upgrading of China's automobile industry and realize the healthy and sustainable development of China's automobile industry, relevant national departments have adjusted the evaluation system of vehicle fuel consumption limit, and continuously reduced China's passenger car fuel consumption, so that the average fuel consumption of China's passenger cars will drop to 4l/100km in 2025, with the corresponding carbon dioxide emission of about 95g / km. Under the guidance of the above-mentioned energy conservation and emission reduction policies, relevant enterprises in the automotive industry have increased their R & D investment in the field of energy conservation and emission reduction, making the whole industry embark on a healthy development path of energy conservation and emission reduction.

At present, the energy-saving and emission reduction technologies adopted by vehicle manufacturers mainly include turbocharging technology, vehicle lightweight, internal combustion engine efficiency and automatic transmission technology, hybrid technology, electronic control technology, etc., among which turbocharging technology is mainly promoted as a cost-effective energy-saving and emission reduction technology. Due to the advantages of high fuel efficiency and low emissions of turbocharged vehicles, turbocharged engines are increasingly used in mature foreign automobile markets and regions with rapid growth in automobile sales such as China and India. On this basis, the sales volume of turbocharged vehicles increased significantly. In addition, according to the "global turbocharger market forecast" report released by Honeywell, thanks to strict emission standards, the penetration rate of turbocharger in Europe has reached 79%. At present, the penetration rate of turbocharged engines in China is about 50%. Based on the "national six" standard implemented in China since 2020 and the European "European six" standard, the penetration rate of turbochargers in China is expected to gradually reach the European level, and there is still much room for improvement in the future.

(3) The production and sales of new energy vehicles continue to rise, and traditional energy vehicles still dominate: China has taken the development of new energy vehicle industry as the focus of industrial upgrading and strategic transformation of the automotive industry. On the one hand, the development of new energy vehicles will help alleviate the energy pressure of traditional energy vehicles and reduce China's dependence on foreign oil. On the other hand, the development of new energy vehicles will help promote the transformation and upgrading of the automotive industry and provide new and huge development opportunities for developing countries. The early development of new energy vehicles in China started with high subsidies and was dominated by policy promotion. With the introduction of various national support policies for new energy vehicles, such as purchase subsidies, exemption from vehicle purchase tax, electricity price, charging facilities construction, public institutions' purchase of new energy vehicles and many other aspects, a lot of policy support has been given. At the same time, consumers' awareness of new energy vehicles has gradually increased. Under the role of policy support and market demand, new energy vehicles have a strong development momentum in recent years, The production and sales volume increased from 8400 vehicles and 8200 vehicles in 2011 to 3.677 million vehicles and 3.5205 million vehicles in 2021, with an average annual compound growth rate of 83.71% and 83.35% respectively, becoming the highlight of the development of China's automotive industry.

With the rapid development of new energy vehicle technology, the gradual increase of market recognition and the appropriate decline of subsidies, new energy vehicles will gradually enter the stage of benign and sustainable development, and promote the industry to complete the transformation from policy driven to market driven. It is expected to continue to maintain a rapid development rate in the future, and its share in China's automobile market will increase steadily.

At present, pure electric vehicles (BEVS) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) are the main new energy vehicles. According to the statistics of the International Energy Agency (IEA), the global sales of new energy vehicles in 2020 were 3.1729 million, of which the sales of pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles were 2182200, 979900 and 10800 respectively. Because it can solve the problems of short endurance of pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles still occupy a relatively important position. In 2020, the global sales of plug-in hybrid vehicles accounted for 30.88%, and the sales of plug-in hybrid vehicles in Europe accounted for 44.35%. According to the prediction of the International Energy Agency, the global plug-in hybrid vehicles will account for about 25-32% of the total sales of new energy vehicles by 2030.

Although new energy vehicles have the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection, at present, various technologies are not yet fully mature, and the industrial development stage is still in the early stage of growth. Affected by factors such as the limit of the range of power batteries, the construction progress of charging facilities and other related supporting systems, new energy vehicles still account for a relatively low proportion in the automobile consumption structure. In 2021, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China was 3.5205 million, and the sales volume of traditional energy vehicles was 22.7545 million. The sales volume of traditional energy vehicles accounted for 86.60% of the total sales volume of vehicles, which is still dominant. In the short term, it is still difficult for new energy vehicles to replace traditional energy vehicles on a large scale. According to the policy requirements, the global sales of new energy vehicles will reach 25.76 million by 2030, accounting for 16% of the total global sales of vehicles; If calculated according to the sustainable development goals, the global sales of new energy vehicles will reach 46.64 million by 2030, accounting for 34% of the total global sales of vehicles.

Generally speaking, the development of the automotive industry will move towards the trend of new energy, but the current technical direction is not clear and mature. It is expected that traditional energy vehicles will continue to dominate for a long time in the future.

(4) The industry concentration is high, and independent brands are gradually emerging: the market concentration of China's automotive industry is high. According to the statistics of the passenger Association, the retail sales of the top 15 auto companies in 2021 accounted for 75.04% of the annual sales, including joint venture brand auto manufacturers such as FAW Volkswagen, SAIC Volkswagen and SAIC General Motors, as well as Geely, Chang'an motors, Great Wall Motors BYD automobile and other independent brand automobile manufacturers.

Since the reform and opening up, GM, Volkswagen, Toyota and other international giant automobile brands have established joint venture brand automobile production enterprises with Chinese automobile enterprises, which has greatly promoted the development of China's automobile industry, but also occupied the main market of China's automobile market industry for a long time. In recent years, with the development and technological progress, China's independent brands have gradually risen. According to the statistics of the China Association of automobile manufacturers, the share of independent brand passenger cars increased from 38.31% in 2014 to 44.50% in 2021.

(5) Automobile lightweight drives automobile fluid pipeline lightweight: automobile lightweight refers to reducing the dead weight of the automobile as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the strength and safety performance of the automobile, so as to improve the power of the automobile, reduce fuel consumption and reduce exhaust gas pollution. At present, under the trend of global energy conservation and environmental protection, vehicle lightweight has become the development direction of the industry, and is one of the important ways to save energy for traditional energy vehicles and improve the endurance mileage of new energy vehicles. To some extent, the lightweight of automobile is the lightweight of parts, which puts forward higher requirements for automotive parts suppliers.